In this assignment, we were to view "The OSI Model Demystified" and "Introduction to Networking" by Eli The Computer Guy. We also had to watch a video by Professor Messer on the TCP/IP Model. We also were to create and describe two tables for ISO/OSI Networking Model and TCP/IP .
| Layer 7 Application |
Provides interface between applications and network and passes to next layer |
SNMP, FTP, WWW, HTTP |
Application-proxy firewalls |
| Layer 6 Presentation |
Takes data from application later and provides common representation of the data transferred |
JPEG, MPEG |
Application-proxy firewalls |
| Layer 5 Session |
Organize and synchronize the dialogue and manage data exchange of presentation layer entities. Opens session on your computer and the computer you are trying to get info from |
Network File System, SQL |
Application-proxy firewalls |
| Layer 4 Transport |
Includes all mechanisms and data structures necessary for application. Decides how much info to send back and forth. Ensures end to end data transfer |
TCP, UDP, SPX |
|
| Layer 3 Network |
Delivery or exchange of packets. Works out addresses and how packets will get to particular location |
IP, IPX, RIPRCMP, ARP |
Routers |
| Layer 2 Data Link |
Builds on service provided by physical layer. Allows 2 hosts connected to physical layer to exchange info |
HDLC, Flow Control, SLIP, PPP |
Switches, bridges
|
| Layer 1 Physical |
Delimits and encodes the bits onto the physical medium. Defines electrical, mechanical formats |
None |
Wires, cables, hubs, repeaters
|
| Term |
Definition |
| ANSI |
American National Standard Institute , oversees development of voluntary consensus standards |
| Backbone Network |
Central conduit designed to transfer network traffic at high speeds. Network routers, switches. |
| Broadband |
Refers to the transmission of multiple signals and
traffic type simultaneously |
| Circuit |
The path over which the voice, data, or image transmission travels. Circuits can be twisted-wire pairs, coaxial cables, fiber-optic cables, microwave transmissions, and so forth. |
| Data Link Layer |
Layer 2 of OSI model , transfers data between network nodes |
| Extranet |
Using the Internet to provide access to information intended for a selected set of users, not the public at large. Usually done by requiring a password to access a selected set of Web sites. |
| FCC |
A board of seven commissioners appointed by the U.S. president under the Communication Act of 1934, having the power to regulate all interstate and foreign electrical communication systems originating in the United States. |
| Firewall |
A router, gateway, or special-purpose computer that filters packets flowing into
and out of a network. No access to the organization’s networks is permitted except through the firewall. Two commonly used types of firewalls are packet level and application level. |
| IEEE |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersA professional organization for engineers in the United States. Issues standards and belongs to the ANSI and the ISO. IEEE has defined numerous standards for networks |
| IETF |
Internet Engineering Task Force. IETF is a large, open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. IETF operates through a series of working groups, which are organized by topic (e.g., routing, transport, security). The requests for comment (RFCs) that form the basis for Internet standards are developed by the IETF and its working groups. |
| ITU |
International Telecommunications Union. An international organization that sets worldwide communication standards. |
| Internet |
The information superhighway. The network of networks that spans the world, linking more than 20 million users. |
| Intranet |
Using Internet protocols on a network internal to an organization so that information is accessible using a browser, for example, but only by employees, not the public at large. Usually done by requiring a password to access a selected set of Web sites and protecting the site by a firewall so no outsiders can access it. |
| ISP |
Internet Service Provider |
| KB |
Kilo Byte 8bits = 1 byte |
| Kb |
Kilo Bit 1/8 of a byte |
| LAN |
Local Area Network |
| Logical |
Appears to be single but is created from multiple or one larger entity |
| Modem |
A contraction of the words modulator-demodulator. A modem is a device for performing necessary signal transformation between terminal devices and communication circuits. Modems are used in pairs, one at either end of the communication circuit. |
| Open System |
A system with no governing body but standardized for everyone to use |
| Physical |
Layer 1 of the OSI model, a transport medium for all communication devices |
| RFC |
Request-For-Connect. A proposed standard for the Internet on which anyone in the world is invited to comment. |
| Router |
A device that connects two similar networks having the same network protocol. It also chooses the best route between two networks when there are multiple paths between them. |
| Switch |
Switches connect more than two LAN segments that use the same data link and network protocol. They may connect the same or different types of cable. Switches typically provide ports for 4, 8, 16, or 32 separate LAN segments, and most enable all ports to be in use simultaneously, so they are faster than bridges |
| VPN |
Virtual Private Network. A hybrid network that includes both public and private facilities. The user leases a bundle of circuits and configures the VPN on an as-needed basis so that some traffic travels on the private leased network and some travels on the common carrier’s public network. |
| WAN |
Wide Area Network |
| Wireless Access Point |
Controls the circuit and determines which clients can transmit at what time. There are two commonly used controlled access techniques: access requests and polling. |
